Bishop
Copleston, pictured above, lived in Victorian times. He was responsible for the
creation of two boating lakes in what were then his personal gardens in Offwell. His
gardens, as befitted a highly placed clergyman, were substantial and covered many acres.
The Woodland Education Centre, in
Offwell, now occupies about 50 acres of land which was once only part of the Bishop's
original pleasure gardens. The southern part of the upper boating lake forms the basis for
what is now The Wetland. The lower boating lake was also restored at the same time as The
Wetland (see The Wetlands Restoration Project).
As well as creating the boating lakes, the Bishop also
had Rhododendron ponticum imported from East Asia, to plant in his gardens. This
may have been for the spectacular showy purple flowers which bloom in Spring, or possibly
to provide cover for game birds. As long as the Rhododendron was kept under control by an
army of gardeners, it fulfilled its intended role. However, with the passage of time and
historical changes such as fewer people being employed on the land and the dissolution of
large estates such as this, the Rhododendron began to take
over.
By 1988 when restoration began on The Wetland, the area
had become more or less completely silted up. The lower part of this lake had essentially
become dry land, with a stream cutting through it. Silt brought in with flood water would
have settled out in the lake, eventually raising the land level so much that it no longer
held water. In between these two extremes, of boating lake and dry land, the area would
have gone through a period as wetlands. This then followed a natural succession and
eventually completely silted up. This is important because it means that having at one
time been an area of wetland, it would have many seeds of wetland plant species within the
seed bank in the soil.
Prior to restoration, Rhododendron had encroached on
the area to such an extent that the whole area had become a more or less impenetrable
jungle of very limited ecological value. |