The Woodland Education Centre |
Ecological Survey 2001 |
Plant Species
List, by Section with a comparison of species abundance, measured as percentage frequency. Summary
Site diagram and summary of section management methods here |
SPECIES |
COMMON NAME |
% Freq | ||||||||
MOSSES |
Section Number |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Atrichum undulatum | 7 | 4 | 11 | 9 | ||||||
Campylopus atrovirens | 4 | |||||||||
Campylopus introflexus | + | |||||||||
* Campylopus paradoxus. | 6 | |||||||||
Eurhynchium praelongum | 91 | 70 | 47 | 25 | 69 | 94 | 75 | 64 | 41 | |
* Hypnum jutlandicum | 10 | 29 | 13 | 7 | 7 | 54 | 53 | |||
Isothecium myurum | 7 | 0.5 | ||||||||
Plagiothecium denticulatum | 7 | 3 | ||||||||
Polytrichum formosum | 22 | 32 | 7 | 7 | 29 | 72 | 57 | 68 | ||
Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus | 4 | 12 | ||||||||
Thuidium tamarascinum | 41 | 54 | 22 | 13 | 53 | 43 | 47 | 32 | 65 | |
FERNS | ||||||||||
* Blechnum spicant | Hard Fern |
16 | 4 | + | 9 | + | 7 | 4 | 18 | |
Dryopteris carthusiana | Narrow Buckler Fern |
35 | 22 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 3 | |||
Dryopteris felix-mas | Male Fern |
4 | + | |||||||
Polypodium vulgare | Common Polypody |
3 | ||||||||
* Pteridium aquilinum | Bracken |
29 | 4 | + | 15 | 18 | ||||
ANGIOSPERMS | ||||||||||
LILIACEAE | ||||||||||
Hyacinthoides non-scripta | Bluebell |
63 | 29 | 83 | 4 | |||||
GRAMINAE | ||||||||||
* Agrostis canina | Velvet Bent |
29 | 7 | 4 | 23 | 39 | 29 | 21 | ||
* Agrostis capillaris | Common Bent |
100 | 97 | 97 | 100 | 16 | 100 | 43 | 90 | 35 |
* Agrostis curtisii | Bristle Bent |
+ | + | 6 | ||||||
Agrostis stolonifera | Creeping Bent |
15 | ||||||||
Agrostis vinealis | Brown Bent |
6 | ||||||||
Anisantha sterilis | Barren Brome |
3 | ||||||||
* Anthoxanthum odoratum | Sweet Vernal Grass |
22 | + | |||||||
Arrhenatherum elatius | False Oat Grass |
18 | 40 | |||||||
Dactylis glomerata | Cocksfoot |
+ | 7 | |||||||
Holcus lanatus | Yorkshire Fog |
91 | 93 | 68 | 88 | 97 | 47 | 22 | 12 | |
Molinia caerulea | Purple Moor-grass |
+ | ||||||||
CYPERACEAE | ||||||||||
* Carex binervis | Green-ribbed Sedge |
10 | 27 | 32 | 82 | 18 | ||||
Carex flacca | Glaucous Sedge |
7 | 21 | 4 | ||||||
Carex flava agg. | Yellow Sedges |
4 | 40 | 13 | 18 | + | ||||
Carex laevigata | Smooth-stalked Sedge |
10 | 7 | 4 | 25 | 23 | 7 | 18 | ||
* Carex pilulifera | Pill Sedge |
3 | 7 | 7 | 27 | 4 | 22 | 41 | ||
Carex sylvatica | Wood Sedge |
3 | 7 | 7 | 39 | 7 | 18 | |||
JUNCACEAE | ||||||||||
Juncus acutiflorus | Sharp-flowered Rush |
+ | ||||||||
Juncus conglomeratus | Compact Rush |
10 | 15 | 18 | 58 | 10 | 15 | 11 | 21 | |
* Juncus effusus | Soft Rush |
7 | 7 | 14 | 6 | |||||
* Luzula campestris | Field Woodrush |
14 | 7 | 54 | 36 | 7 | ||||
* Luzula multiflora | Heath Woodrush |
7 | 17 | 18 | ||||||
Luzula pilosa | Hairy Woodrush |
10 | 11 | 11 | 4 | 11 | 6 | |||
RANUNCULACEAE | ||||||||||
Ranunculus repens | Creeping Buttercup |
4 | 7 |
17 | 23 | |||||
HYPERICACEAE | ||||||||||
Hypericum androsaemum | Tutsan |
+ | + | |||||||
Hypericum perforatum | Perforate St John's-wort |
+ | ||||||||
* Hypericum pulchrum | Slender St Johns-Wort | 11 | 18 | 17 | 3 | 52 | 18 | 68 | 12 | |
VIOLACEAE | ||||||||||
Viola riviniana | Common Dog-violet | 7 | 47 | 86 | 88 | 3 | 94 | 32 | 22 | 3 |
OXALIDACEAE | ||||||||||
Oxalis acetosella | Wood Sorrel |
22 | 14 | |||||||
PAPILIONACEAE | ||||||||||
Lotus pedunculatus | Greater Birds Foot Trefoil |
+ | 57 | 42 | 3 | 49 | 7 | 4 | ||
* Ulex europaeus | Common Gorse |
15 | 7 | 17 | 97 | 27 | 72 | 57 | 47 | |
* Ulex gallii | Western Gorse |
4 | + | |||||||
ROSACEAE | ||||||||||
Fragaria vesca | Wild Strawberry |
7 | ||||||||
* Potentilla erecta | Tormentil |
7 | + | 4 | + | 4 | 4 | 22 | 3 | |
Potentilla sterilis | Barren Strawberry |
8 | ||||||||
Prunus sp. | Cherry |
+ | 4 | 4 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 29 | 27 | |
* Rubus fruticosus agg | Bramble |
48 | 75 | 86 | 71 | 100 | 13 | 65 | 57 | 91 |
Rubus idaeus | Raspberry |
7 | 7 | 57 | 42 | 17 | 4 | 4 | ||
Sorbus aucuparia | Rowan |
7 | 18 | 17 | 7 | 4 | 3 | |||
ONAGRACEAE | ||||||||||
Chamaenerion angustifolium | Rosebay Willowherb |
+ | ||||||||
Circaea lutetiana | Enchanters Nightshade |
19 | 11 | 17 | ||||||
Epilobium montanum | Broad-leaved Willowherb |
7 | ||||||||
AQUIFOLIACEAE | ||||||||||
Ilex aquifolium | Holly |
4 | + | + | 4 | |||||
ARALIACEAE | ||||||||||
Hedera helix | Ivy |
16 | 36 | 3 | 6 | |||||
FAGACEAE | ||||||||||
Castanea sativa | Sweet Chestnut |
+ | + | + | ||||||
Fagus sylvatica. | Beech |
3 | + | |||||||
Quercus sp. | Oak |
3 | 7 | 18 | + | + | ||||
BETULACEAE | ||||||||||
* Betula pendula | Silver Birch |
10 | + | 25 | 29 | 35 | 16 | 47 | 32 | 71 |
CORYLACEAE | ||||||||||
Corylus avellana | Hazel |
+ | 3 | |||||||
SALICACEAE | ||||||||||
Salix aurita | Eared Willow |
3 | + | 4 | 3 | |||||
Salix caprea agg. | Goat Willow/Great Sallow |
10 | + | 3 | ||||||
ACERACEAE | ||||||||||
Acer pseudoplanatus | Sycamore |
+ | ||||||||
OLEACEAE | ||||||||||
Fraxinus excelsior | Ash |
+ | ||||||||
ERICACEAE | ||||||||||
* Calluna vulgaris | Heather (Ling) |
+ | 3 | 17 | 57 | 57 | 68 | |||
* Erica cinerea | Bell Heather |
+ | + | 4 | 25 | 15 | 6 | |||
Rhododendron ponticum | Rhododendron |
+ | + | 3 | 7 | 3 | ||||
PRIMULACEAE | ||||||||||
Lysimachia nemorum | Yellow Pimpernel |
3 | 57 | 54 | 75 | 13 | 4 | + | 3 | |
Primula vulgaris | Primrose |
11 | 4 | |||||||
SCROPHULARIACEAE | ||||||||||
Digitalis purpurea | Foxglove |
3 | 7 | + | ||||||
Scrophularia nodosa | Common Figwort |
4 | + | 4 | ||||||
Veronica chamaedrys | Germander Speedwell |
11 | 38 | |||||||
Veronica montana | Wood Speedwell |
3 | ||||||||
Veronica officinalis | Heath Speedwell | 11 | 32 | 25 | 75 | 14 | 15 | |||
LABIATEAE | ||||||||||
Ajuga reptans | Bugle |
7 | 40 | 58 | 36 | 64 | 7 | 4 | ||
Stachys sylvatica | Hedge Woundwort |
4 | 33 | 42 | ||||||
Teucrium scorodonia | Wood Sage |
13 | 36 | 18 | 9 | + | 29 | + | ||
CAPRIFOLIACEAE | ||||||||||
Lonicera periclymenum | Honeysuckle |
3 | ||||||||
RUBIACEAE | ||||||||||
Galium palustre agg. | Marsh Bedstraw |
4 | 15 | 17 | 3 | 7 | ||||
COMPOSITAE | ||||||||||
Arctium minus | Lesser Burdock |
+ | + | + | ||||||
Cirsium arvense | Field Thistle |
+ | + | + | + | |||||
Cirsium palustre | Marsh Thistle |
+ | 7 | + | 3 | 42 | 4 | + | ||
Eupatorium cannabinum | Hemp-agrimony | 3 | 4 | + | 3 | 4 | ||||
Hypochoeris radicata | Cats Ear |
11 | + | 45 | 14 | 18 | ||||
Leontodon autumnalis | Autumn Hawkbit |
10 | 4 | |||||||
Senecio jacobaea | Ragwort |
+ | 4 | 4 | + | |||||
Taraxacum officinale agg. | Dandelion |
4 | 4 | 10 | 4 | |||||
Number of Species | 39 | 46 | 52 | 47 | 32 | 42 | 42 | 48 | 46 | |
Number of Quadrats | 24 | 21 | 21 | 18 | 24 | 23 | 21 | 21 | 34 | |
Mean No. species per quadrat | 8 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 6 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 9 |
Summary .... the data at a glance.
1. Total number of different plant species recorded in all sections: 92 species |
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2. The dominant plants across the whole project area:
Eurhynchium praelongum |
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3. Plants occurring across in every section of the Heathland Restoration Project site: Only 6 plants were found in every single section on the site. These were:
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4. The sections closest to a heathland habitat: Section
7 (spring brushcut, initial gorse and grass control) This is based on these sections having the greatest abundance of heath species such as Heather, Bell Heather, gorse, bramble, Tormentil, Silver Birch, Pill Sedge, Bristle Bent and mosses such as Hypnum jutlandicum. |
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5. Rhododendron is present in over half of the sections: This highly invasive non-native species which formerly covered the Heathland Restoration Project site is gradually appearing again. There is a constant source of reinfestation from the seed bank in the soil which will contain millions of seeds. Without the control provided by the brushcutting regimes, within the space of one or two decades at the most, rhododendron would once more dominate the area. |
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6. Sections containing the most remnant woodland species:
The project site was formerly covered in conifer woodland with a rhododendron understory. It is bounded by deciduous woodland to the west, with small areas also to the east. The site's wooded history and the adjacent woodland habitat means that there is a constant source of seed from woodland species both fresh each year, as well as remaining in the seedbank in the soil. |
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7. The section with the highest species diversity: Section 3 (autumn brushcut) |
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8. The section with the lowest species diversity:
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>> Continue to Section Descriptions
Ecological Survey 2001 |